Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (<i>Puccinia graminis</i> f.sp. <i>tritici</i>) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete; Gizachew Hirpa Regasa; Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu; Shitaye Homa Megersa; Kitesa Gutu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15

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Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete, Gizachew Hirpa Regasa, Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu, Shitaye Homa Megersa, Kitesa Gutu

Published in Plant (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 20 May 2023 Accepted: 12 June 2023 Published: 27 June 2023

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Abstract

Breeding wheat for stem rust resistance caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) is a priority work worldwide including Ethiopia. Most of the major stem rust resistance genes deployed in commercial durum wheat cultivars and breeding lines succumb to emerging races in Ethiopia. In this study, 156 durum wheat accessions consisted of cultivars, landraces and advanced lines were exposed to the three e stem rust races (TTTTF, TTRTF, and JRCQC) at the seedling and adult plant growth stages. The seedling test was conducted in the greenhouse while the field tests in a single race nursery at Debre Zeit at Debre Zeit research center during 2019 and 2020 seasons. An augmented design with three replicated checks in every 20 entries was used in the field experiments while the seedling test was carried out based on the standard procedures. Of the 156 entries; only 22 (14%) and 25 (16%) exhibited resistance at seedling and adult plant growth stages. Of the tested CIMMYT advanced lines, 89% of the lines were susceptible to the race TTTTF, while 11% of the lines were resistant to this race at seedling stage. Of the total tested entries, 16 and 11% were resistant to all the three races at seedling and field condition, respectively. Six accessions exhibited overall resistance (at seedling and adult plant growth stages), while seven entries (two cultivars, two landraces, and three CIMMYT advanced lines) showed susceptible reaction (high infection types) at seedling stage and low severity (resistance) under field conditions to the three races; these accessions possibly have adult plant resistance to stem rust. Further pre-breeding (and genotyping) research is recommended to identify and characterize the stem rust resistance genes in those wheat germplasm associated to overall and adult plant resistance.

Published in	Plant (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15
Page(s)	73-81
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Durum Wheat, Virulent Races, Adult Plant Resistance, Seedling Resistance, Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici

References

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APA Style

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete, Gizachew Hirpa Regasa, Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu, Shitaye Homa Megersa, Kitesa Gutu. (2023). Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines. Plant, 11(2), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15

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ACS Style

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete; Gizachew Hirpa Regasa; Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu; Shitaye Homa Megersa; Kitesa Gutu. Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines. Plant. 2023, 11(2), 73-81. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15

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AMA Style

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete, Gizachew Hirpa Regasa, Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu, Shitaye Homa Megersa, Kitesa Gutu. Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines. Plant. 2023;11(2):73-81. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15

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@article{10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15,
  author = {Ashenafi Gemechu Degete and Gizachew Hirpa Regasa and Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu and Shitaye Homa Megersa and Kitesa Gutu},
  title = {Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines},
  journal = {Plant},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {73-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plant.20231102.15},
  abstract = {Breeding wheat for stem rust resistance caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) is a priority work worldwide including Ethiopia. Most of the major stem rust resistance genes deployed in commercial durum wheat cultivars and breeding lines succumb to emerging races in Ethiopia. In this study, 156 durum wheat accessions consisted of cultivars, landraces and advanced lines were exposed to the three e stem rust races (TTTTF, TTRTF, and JRCQC) at the seedling and adult plant growth stages. The seedling test was conducted in the greenhouse while the field tests in a single race nursery at Debre Zeit at Debre Zeit research center during 2019 and 2020 seasons. An augmented design with three replicated checks in every 20 entries was used in the field experiments while the seedling test was carried out based on the standard procedures. Of the 156 entries; only 22 (14%) and 25 (16%) exhibited resistance at seedling and adult plant growth stages. Of the tested CIMMYT advanced lines, 89% of the lines were susceptible to the race TTTTF, while 11% of the lines were resistant to this race at seedling stage. Of the total tested entries, 16 and 11% were resistant to all the three races at seedling and field condition, respectively. Six accessions exhibited overall resistance (at seedling and adult plant growth stages), while seven entries (two cultivars, two landraces, and three CIMMYT advanced lines) showed susceptible reaction (high infection types) at seedling stage and low severity (resistance) under field conditions to the three races; these accessions possibly have adult plant resistance to stem rust. Further pre-breeding (and genotyping) research is recommended to identify and characterize the stem rust resistance genes in those wheat germplasm associated to overall and adult plant resistance.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines
AU  - Ashenafi Gemechu Degete
AU  - Gizachew Hirpa Regasa
AU  - Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu
AU  - Shitaye Homa Megersa
AU  - Kitesa Gutu
Y1  - 2023/06/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15
T2  - Plant
JF  - Plant
JO  - Plant
SP  - 73
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-0677
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15
AB  - Breeding wheat for stem rust resistance caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) is a priority work worldwide including Ethiopia. Most of the major stem rust resistance genes deployed in commercial durum wheat cultivars and breeding lines succumb to emerging races in Ethiopia. In this study, 156 durum wheat accessions consisted of cultivars, landraces and advanced lines were exposed to the three e stem rust races (TTTTF, TTRTF, and JRCQC) at the seedling and adult plant growth stages. The seedling test was conducted in the greenhouse while the field tests in a single race nursery at Debre Zeit at Debre Zeit research center during 2019 and 2020 seasons. An augmented design with three replicated checks in every 20 entries was used in the field experiments while the seedling test was carried out based on the standard procedures. Of the 156 entries; only 22 (14%) and 25 (16%) exhibited resistance at seedling and adult plant growth stages. Of the tested CIMMYT advanced lines, 89% of the lines were susceptible to the race TTTTF, while 11% of the lines were resistant to this race at seedling stage. Of the total tested entries, 16 and 11% were resistant to all the three races at seedling and field condition, respectively. Six accessions exhibited overall resistance (at seedling and adult plant growth stages), while seven entries (two cultivars, two landraces, and three CIMMYT advanced lines) showed susceptible reaction (high infection types) at seedling stage and low severity (resistance) under field conditions to the three races; these accessions possibly have adult plant resistance to stem rust. Further pre-breeding (and genotyping) research is recommended to identify and characterize the stem rust resistance genes in those wheat germplasm associated to overall and adult plant resistance.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete

Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
Gizachew Hirpa Regasa

Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu

Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
Shitaye Homa Megersa

Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
Kitesa Gutu

Ambo Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Ambo, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete, Gizachew Hirpa Regasa, Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu, Shitaye Homa Megersa, Kitesa Gutu. (2023). Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines. Plant, 11(2), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15

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ACS Style

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete; Gizachew Hirpa Regasa; Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu; Shitaye Homa Megersa; Kitesa Gutu. Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines. Plant. 2023, 11(2), 73-81. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15

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AMA Style

Ashenafi Gemechu Degete, Gizachew Hirpa Regasa, Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu, Shitaye Homa Megersa, Kitesa Gutu. Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines. Plant. 2023;11(2):73-81. doi: 10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15,
  author = {Ashenafi Gemechu Degete and Gizachew Hirpa Regasa and Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu and Shitaye Homa Megersa and Kitesa Gutu},
  title = {Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines},
  journal = {Plant},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {73-81},
  doi = {10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.plant.20231102.15},
  abstract = {Breeding wheat for stem rust resistance caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) is a priority work worldwide including Ethiopia. Most of the major stem rust resistance genes deployed in commercial durum wheat cultivars and breeding lines succumb to emerging races in Ethiopia. In this study, 156 durum wheat accessions consisted of cultivars, landraces and advanced lines were exposed to the three e stem rust races (TTTTF, TTRTF, and JRCQC) at the seedling and adult plant growth stages. The seedling test was conducted in the greenhouse while the field tests in a single race nursery at Debre Zeit at Debre Zeit research center during 2019 and 2020 seasons. An augmented design with three replicated checks in every 20 entries was used in the field experiments while the seedling test was carried out based on the standard procedures. Of the 156 entries; only 22 (14%) and 25 (16%) exhibited resistance at seedling and adult plant growth stages. Of the tested CIMMYT advanced lines, 89% of the lines were susceptible to the race TTTTF, while 11% of the lines were resistant to this race at seedling stage. Of the total tested entries, 16 and 11% were resistant to all the three races at seedling and field condition, respectively. Six accessions exhibited overall resistance (at seedling and adult plant growth stages), while seven entries (two cultivars, two landraces, and three CIMMYT advanced lines) showed susceptible reaction (high infection types) at seedling stage and low severity (resistance) under field conditions to the three races; these accessions possibly have adult plant resistance to stem rust. Further pre-breeding (and genotyping) research is recommended to identify and characterize the stem rust resistance genes in those wheat germplasm associated to overall and adult plant resistance.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in Selected Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces, Cultivars, and CIMMYT Advanced Lines
AU  - Ashenafi Gemechu Degete
AU  - Gizachew Hirpa Regasa
AU  - Habtamu Tesfaye Ayehu
AU  - Shitaye Homa Megersa
AU  - Kitesa Gutu
Y1  - 2023/06/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15
T2  - Plant
JF  - Plant
JO  - Plant
SP  - 73
EP  - 81
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-0677
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.plant.20231102.15
AB  - Breeding wheat for stem rust resistance caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) is a priority work worldwide including Ethiopia. Most of the major stem rust resistance genes deployed in commercial durum wheat cultivars and breeding lines succumb to emerging races in Ethiopia. In this study, 156 durum wheat accessions consisted of cultivars, landraces and advanced lines were exposed to the three e stem rust races (TTTTF, TTRTF, and JRCQC) at the seedling and adult plant growth stages. The seedling test was conducted in the greenhouse while the field tests in a single race nursery at Debre Zeit at Debre Zeit research center during 2019 and 2020 seasons. An augmented design with three replicated checks in every 20 entries was used in the field experiments while the seedling test was carried out based on the standard procedures. Of the 156 entries; only 22 (14%) and 25 (16%) exhibited resistance at seedling and adult plant growth stages. Of the tested CIMMYT advanced lines, 89% of the lines were susceptible to the race TTTTF, while 11% of the lines were resistant to this race at seedling stage. Of the total tested entries, 16 and 11% were resistant to all the three races at seedling and field condition, respectively. Six accessions exhibited overall resistance (at seedling and adult plant growth stages), while seven entries (two cultivars, two landraces, and three CIMMYT advanced lines) showed susceptible reaction (high infection types) at seedling stage and low severity (resistance) under field conditions to the three races; these accessions possibly have adult plant resistance to stem rust. Further pre-breeding (and genotyping) research is recommended to identify and characterize the stem rust resistance genes in those wheat germplasm associated to overall and adult plant resistance.
VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download